Thailand has voted in an early election called after multiple coalition governments collapsed, giving the country three prime ministers in as many years.
Just like in 2023, this election pits those advocating far-reaching change, the People's Party, against conservative forces led by incumbent PM Anutin Charnavirakul.
When the young reformers won last time the military-appointed senate barred them from forming a government and the constitutional court dissolved the party. Powerful, unelected forces have repeatedly intervened to block parties challenging the status quo in Thailand.
Results will become clear around 22:00 local time (15:00 GMT). However, no party is likely to win a majority.
The big question hanging over this election is how well the People's Party, which has been leading the polls, performs against Anutin's Bhumjaithai party, which has emerged as a strong conservative contender.
He has played on patriotic sentiment after the two short border wars with Cambodia last year, promising to defend the status of traditional Thai institutions like the monarchy and military.
The third main contender is the Shinawatra family and its Pheu Thai party, historically a dominant force with populist policies. However, following recently diminished support amid accusations of mismanagement, its prospects in this election are uncertain.
Amid surging costs, voters are concerned about the economy, hoping for structural changes to prevent the relocation of businesses to neighbouring countries like Vietnam.
While the People’s Party aims to reform large corporations and military influence, winning the election does not guarantee forming a government in Thailand, as historical interventions by conservative institutions loom over its future.
Besides the election, Thais are also voting on a referendum regarding the reformation of the 2017 constitution, which many believe consolidates too much power in unelected forces.
A significant decision lay ahead for voters, as they were essentially choosing between radical change or continuity in governance.
