In brief
José Mujica, the former president of Uruguay known as the world’s "poorest president," has died at the age of 89. The ex-guerrilla leader who served from 2010 to 2015 was celebrated for his austere living and profound commitment to social reform, even as he faced health challenges including oesophageal cancer.
Mujica's demise was announced by the current president, Yamandú Orsi, who expressed gratitude for Mujica's contributions to the nation and his deep affection for his people. Mujica gained international fame for his advocacy against consumerism and his pioneering decision to legalize recreational marijuana, making Uruguay the first country to do so. Despite his global notoriety, Mujica's legacy is met with complexity, as he remains a polarizing figure in a nation of only 3.4 million people.Growing up in a middle-class family, Mujica entered politics as a member of the National Party and later co-founded the Tupamaros, a leftist guerrilla movement active in the 1960s. His political journey saw him imprisoned during the military dictatorship, where he endured severe conditions before eventually being released in 1985. Following his release, he held various political positions, culminating in his presidency, where he displayed a unique form of leadership characterized by pragmatism and a focus on social justice.During Mujica’s presidency, Uruguay experienced economic growth and significant social reforms, such as the legalization of abortion and same-sex marriage. Notably, he chose to live in a modest home rather than the presidential mansion, which further solidified his identity as a leader invested in the lives of ordinary citizens. His tenure, while applauded for its progressive policies, also faced criticism regarding public spending and educational reforms.After stepping down in 2015, Mujica retired from active politics but remained a spoke person for his ideals, often reflecting on simplistic living and its role in the modern world. Despite his health struggles in recent years, he embraced the concept of mortality with acceptance, stating that death is a natural part of life.Mujica's impact continues through his political successors, including Yamandú Orsi, who was elected in November 2024, suggesting that his influence on Uruguayan politics endures beyond his lifetime.
