Cammi Norwood's son Mason was jumping with joy at the thought of starting public school next year in Palmetto, Florida.

The four-year-old, who was diagnosed with Stage 4 kidney disease at birth, has spent two healthy years without any hospital visits, and is eager to be in class with friends, Ms. Norwood said.

But the 32-year-old mother is beginning to reconsider sending her immunocompromised son to school, after Florida's surgeon general last week announced he would try to end vaccine mandates in the state, including those for school children.

It's just scary, Ms. Norwood said. If these kids aren't vaccinated … he can get very, very sick if someone were to come in with the measles.

Medical experts and some parents worry the surgeon general's move will threaten the health of vulnerable children like Mason, setting the stage for a new era of infectious disease, driven by lower vaccine rates.

Florida's former surgeon general, Scott Rivkees, expressed concern, stating that the action could result in outbreaks of various infectious diseases, particularly affecting older adults and immunocompromised individuals.

If the proposal proceeds, Florida would be one of the first states to officially abolish childhood vaccination mandates. This decision follows a wider trend where legislation in other states, such as Idaho, has also relaxed vaccine requirements.

These changes come as Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s push for reshaping US vaccine policy gains momentum, amidst an evolving public health landscape characterized by increasing skepticism towards vaccines.

When Florida Surgeon General Joseph Ladapo announced the intent to remove the mandates, he controversially compared them to slavery, advocating for parental choice instead. Although this stance is backed by Governor Ron DeSantis, prominent medical organizations oppose the plan.

Ladapo's office noted that within 90 days, it aims to lift school mandates on several vaccines. However, changes to other vaccine mandates would require further legislative actions.

Many Florida parents are anxiously contemplating the implications of these potential policy modifications. While some advocate for parental freedom, others express fears of a resurgence of vaccine-preventable diseases in the communities.

Dr. Meghan Martin, a pediatric emergency medicine physician in Florida, reported observable increases in outbreaks of diseases previously under control due to vaccinations, giving rise to safety concerns for vulnerable populations.

As debate continues, many parents await clarity on health guidelines, fearful of the cascading effects that these policies may have on community health.