Kamel Daoud has made history as the first Algerian author to win the prestigious Goncourt literary award for his novel "Houris," which gives a harrowing account of Algeria's civil war during the 1990s. The conflict, termed the "dark decade," led to the deaths of approximately 200,000 people and remains a sensitive and often unspoken chapter in Algeria's history. The protagonist, known as Fajr (Arabic for Dawn), recounts her survival from a brutal attack by Islamist militants, using a speaking tube due to her injuries.
The Goncourt committee praised "Houris" for articulating the suffering endured during this tumultuous time, particularly from the perspective of women. The irony lies in the fact that the book has no publisher in Algeria; the author’s achievement has not even been reported in local media. Daoud's book has been met with a concerning silence from his homeland, as current laws discourage discussions about the civil war.
Living in Paris, Daoud is at risk of legal repercussions for his portrayal of Algeria's past, which is overshadowed by a reconciliation law from 2005 that prohibits "instrumentalizing the wounds of the national tragedy." His daughter, unaware of Algeria's violent history, illustrates the extent to which the war is neglected in the education system.
An experienced journalist during the civil war, Daoud shared chilling accounts of witnessing mass casualties, only to have his reports manipulated by authorities. His outspoken criticism of the Algerian government has made him a controversial figure — considered both a traitor and a genius by various factions.
Having previously explored themes of identity in his prior work, "Meursault Investigation," Daoud's "Houris" reflects on the consequences of freedom in Algeria. He expresses hope that his writing will inspire a deeper engagement with the country’s complex past.
Now a French citizen since relocating in 2020, Daoud attributes his freedom to write to his new home, noting the essential elements for authors: a supportive environment, tools, and creative freedom. His recognition in France has not translated into acceptance back in Algeria, leaving many wondering how the complex relationship with history, literature, and identity will evolve in the future.
